¿Habrá algo de cierto en el famoso refrán «El ocio es la madre de todos los vicios»? Actualmente se cree que, muy por el contrario, hay razones para confirmar que el ocio puede ser el estado ideal para propulsar las mejores ideas y que fomenta la creatividad. Aquí te presentamos las razones por las cuales el ocio puede ser productivo.
Dones ocultos
El tiempo libre, como reposo y fin de la actividad laboral y las obligaciones de la rutina diaria puede ser el único espacio donde se permita el descubrimiento, por ejemplo, de dones ocultos que hasta entonces se desconocían. Gracias al ocio, una persona puede dejar despertar alguna habilidad que durante la actividad cotidiana no se permita aflorar, como una aptitud para la escritura, para la música, para el dibujo, para la fotografía, o las artes manuales en general. Aburrirse estimula la creatividad. Desde este punto de vista, el ocio puede ser entendido no solo como tiempo libre sino como un buen marco para el desarrollo humano.
El ocio en la antigüedad
Los griegos consideraban el ocio no solo como un tiempo de reflexión, sino un espacio fundamental para el desarrollo de la filosofía y el único contexto posible para desarrollar las ideas relacionadas con todos los ámbitos de la vida del hombre, desde la ciencia hasta la política. Teniendo en cuenta que gracias al ocio han surgido las ideas que nos permitieron evolucionar como sociedad, se puede comprender la importancia de este espacio y el valor de esas circunstancias de aburrimiento cuando se produce una liberación respecto de las estructuras socialmente aceptadas y se alcanza un estado de pensamiento más puro.
El ocio como descanso para recobrar energía
El ocio también es necesario para bajar las revoluciones de la actividad diaria y recargar fuerzas para recomenzar el próximo día o la siguiente obligación. Es importante tener en cuenta que la actividad constante no es sana. El cuerpo y la mente se agotan y, con la cabeza cansada, tardamos más en reaccionar, los pensamientos tardan en llegar y podemos tomar malas decisiones, exponernos más al error o a los accidentes. En este sentido, el tiempo dedicado al ocio puede resultar una inversión y brindar un aporte importante a la calidad de vida. Meditar es una buena manera de encarar el ocio.
El ocio como productividad
A su vez, el ocio puede ser sumamente productivo, si se dedica ese tiempo libre a una actividad recreativa que además conlleve un aprendizaje. Ejemplos de esto son el desarrollo de una actividad culinaria, la lectura de libros que sin ese espacio libre nunca se hubiera encarado, la creación de un blog donde exponer pensamientos, o hasta la escritura de poesía. Es decir, actividades de distracción pero con frutos reales y tangibles que por lo tanto producen doblemente placer en ese tiempo libre.
Bertrand Russell, un pensador del ocio
En 1932, un autor ya había expuesto esta idea de la necesidad del ocio para la producción. Se trata de Bertrand Russell, quien con algo de ironía, enumera en «Elogio de la ociosidad» una serie de argumentos sobre los beneficios de la reducción de las actividades en favor de mayor tiempo de ocio, e incluso sobre los daños de la excesiva cultura del trabajo en la modernidad. “En un mundo donde nadie esté obligado a trabajar más de cuatro horas al día, toda persona con curiosidad científica podrá satisfacerla (…) El trabajo exigido bastará para hacer del ocio algo delicioso, pero no para producir agotamiento. Puesto que las personas no estarán cansadas en su tiempo libre, no querrán sólo distracciones pasivas e insípidas”.
Miedo al aburrimiento
Un tema que preocupa cada vez más a los estudiosos de la sociedad es el miedo al aburrimiento. Rafael Santandreu ha escrito sobre esta cuestión particular del aburrimiento en su libro «El arte de no amargarse la vida». El psicólogo menciona dos cuestiones claves: primero, el aburrimiento no ha matado nunca a nadie y segundo, puede ser muy benéfico. “Cosas maravillosas salen de este estado de tranquilidad en el que podemos estar cuando no hacemos prácticamente nada. Si uno no se asusta a sí mismo con malos pensamientos, las personas podemos estar sin hacer nada; el ser humano necesita muy poco para estar bien, ni siquiera entretenimiento», sostiene.
Adultos con miedo al aburrimiento
Lejos del pensamiento de la inutilidad del ocio, los pensadores modernos no solo refuerzan la idea de las bondades del ocio sino que además plantean lo nocivo que puede ser en las personas el temor a aburrirse y no disfrutar ese tiempo libre. El miedo al aburrimiento podría ser el germen de conductas adictivas, como el juego, la devoción extrema al trabajo y comer en exceso.
Adicción al trabajo
Las personas adictas al trabajo también son gente que tiene miedo al aburrimiento. Son personas que no se permiten descubrir hobbies u otras actividades fuera de las obligaciones laborales y se comportan igual que un adicto al juego. Trabajan hasta tarde, se llevan trabajo al hogar y están conectados 24 horas, no permitiendo hacer que su vida sea más interesante, por miedo a enfrentar el tiempo libre.
Jóvenes con aburrimiento en aumento
El aumentado de jóvenes que padecen de aburrimiento se ha convertido en una preocupación creciente entre psicólogos y sociólogos que estudian el comportamiento de jóvenes en la actualidad. El escritor Emilio García Sánchez, profesor de la Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera de España, sostiene que los jóvenes buscan naturalmente mantenerse entretenidos constantemente. ¿Pero qué pasa cuando no se obtiene en cada momento el nivel de diversión buscando? “Un joven aburrido se expone con mayor riesgo a desembocar en conductas nocivas”.
Soluciones para jóvenes aburridos
Muchas veces, sin darse cuenta, la búsqueda del entretenimiento para aplacar la sensación de tedio que perciben como tan desesperante, los conduce a problemas más serios con consecuencias a nivel familiar y social. Es necesario investigar las mejoras del proceso educativo que permitan encauzar a los jóvenes a espacios más interesantes, que combatan las actividades de hiperentretenimiento con las que narcotizan su atención.
Aburrirse es bueno para los niños
En la actualidad, los niños están cada vez más sobrestimulados a través de la televisión, la música, la computadora y otros dispositivos electrónicos, incentivos que llaman mucho su atención y generan una híper estimulación. A su vez, los padres llenan de actividades la vida de sus hijos desde pequeños: colegios con doble escolaridad, 2 ó 3 idiomas, deportes y demás actividades extracurriculares. Además de brindarles un acceso directo a los entretenimientos modernos como los videojuegos, los celulares, Internet, las redes sociales, etc. Eso les impide organizar por sí mismos su tiempo libre, y crear entretenimiento para sus horas libres.
Niños hiperactivos
Los niños exigidos no pueden parar de realizar actividades, porque no han aprendido que el sosiego y la tranquilidad también son buenos. Y cuando el cerebro se acostumbra a tanta estimulación, la comienza a pedir también, corriendo el riesgo de volverse niños hiperactivos, lo que les impide luego concentrarse, por ejemplo, para estudiar. Para evitar este problema, es necesario comenzar a cultivar la idea de que el tiempo libre también estimula la imaginación y la creatividad.
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