Los hijos de madres tardías tienen menos problemas de salud durante la edad adulta, según revela un estudio publicado en la revista Demography. Factores como el nivel de estudios materno y el número de años que la madre viva después del nacimiento son mucho más influyentes en la salud del hijo.
Los investigadores, pertenecientes a un equipo coordinado por el Instituto Max Planck de Investigación Demográfica (Alemania), analizaron los datos de 18.000 madres estadounidenses. Aunque retrasar la maternidad aumenta el riesgo de abortos espontáneos y de aparición de problemas genéticos como la trisomía 21, causante del síndrome de Dawn, los resultados revelaron que los hijos de madres mayores tienen más estatura y esperanza de vida, así como menor obesidad y otros trastornos de la edad adulta que aquellos cuyas madres dieron a luz cuando tenían menos de 24 años. En concreto, los niños de mujeres de entre 20 y 24 años tenían un 5 por ciento más de probabilidades de padecer enfermedades en la edad adulta, y este dato se dispara hasta el 15 por ciento en el caso de madres entre 14 y 19 años.
Los factores que explicaban las diferencias en salud, estatura y esperanza de vida eran, sin embargo, el nivel de estudios materno y el número de años en que madre e hijo estuvieron vivos simultáneamente. Según los investigadores, este dato puede deberse a los efectos psicológicos de la pérdida, y al mayor tiempo durante el que la madre mantiene económica y emocionalmente al hijo.
A principios del siglo pasado la gente fallecía antes, y por tanto las madres jóvenes pasaban más años al lado de sus hijos que aquellas que los tenían en edades avanzadas. Actualmente la esperanza de vida ha aumentado tanto que las madres mayores también pasan muchos años junto a sus hijosy, además, son precisamente las de mayor nivel de estudios las que retrasan más su maternidad.
Este trabajo seguramente tranquilizará a muchos padres pertenecientes a una generación que cada vez tiene niños más tarde. «Al menos en lo que respecta a la salud de los hijos en la etapa adulta, no tendremos que preocuparnos sobre las consecuencias del retraso de la maternidad», ha afirmado Mikko Myrskylä, coordinador del estudio.
Fuente: muyinteresante.es
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