Consulta:
Estaría mucho recibir nuevas ideas acerca de cómo crear materia novedoso para ellos, así como actividades pedagógicas interesantes.
Responde Dora Beatriz Céspedes (Colombia). Educadora Especial con énfasis en tiflología. Trabaja con niños ciegos integrados al aula regular en la ciudad de Medellín, y dicta clase en la Universidad de Antioquia, cátedra llamada deficiencia visual.
Hola Angela,
Para la persona interesada en conocer sobre material didáctico para ciegos, te cuento que en verdad no hay mucho… pero se puede hacer.
En España hay museos tiflológicos completos y hay bibliografía especializada para adaptar material para ciegos dependiendo de sus necesidades. Lo importante es adaptar el material según las necesidades de cada niño, sea de prescolar, sea de primaria o sea para un área específica como para las matemáticas, para ciencias, para sociales, en fin el material es el mismo que usamos los videntes, la idea es ingeniarse para adaptarlo en relieve, con olores, con muchas texturas, lo importante es que el material se aproxime mucho al real, que no tenga muchos detalles y que al niño se le de uno cada vez y no llenarlo de mucho material para cada actividad.
Las personas que trabajamos con niños invidentes debemos ingeniar la mejor estrategia para que el niño adquiera un aprendizaje bastante eficaz con ayuda de material y de vivencias significativas, pues el potencial cognitivo de los niños ciegos así lo permite.
La idea es tener bastante creatividad y pensar que la educación de los niños ciegos no se debe dar con el mismo material, cada niño tiene sus propias necesidades, tanto cognitivas como visuales, por lo tanto el material debe tener diferentes características, además es importante involucrar a la familia en este proceso de adaptación de material, pues son ellos más que nadie los que conocen las necesidades de su hijo y sus gustos.
Dora Céspedes
Tiflóloga
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