Hoy es el ‘Día Europeo de Acción contra la Migraña’

Un dolor de cabeza tan intenso que tumba a cualquiera. Sin embargo, no recibe la atención necesaria de quienes lo padecen. Muestra de ello es que solo en España, la migraña representa un coste anual de 2.000 millones de euros en abstencionismo laboral. La Sociedad Española de Neurología ofrece información en el marco del Día Europeo de Acción contra la Migraña

Los factores de riesgo que desarrollan la migraña son genéticos, pero también existen aspectos externos que pueden hacer que esta afección se desarrolle y empeore, como explica el doctor David Ezpeleta, coordinador del grupo de estudio de cefaleas de la Sociedad Española de Neurología (SEN).

“Abusar de los analgésicos y de la cafeína, tener malos hábitos higiénico-dietéticos, padecer obesidad y la ausencia de un tratamiento preventivo pueden favorecer su progresión”, explica este especialista con motivo del Día Europeo de Acción contra la Migraña, que se celebra mañana, 12 de septiembre.

Según los datos difundidos por la SEN, 3,5 millones de personas sufren migraña en España, de los cuales, el 2% se tratan como enfermos crónicos, quienes deben parar sus vidas por culpa del intenso dolor.


Día en contra la migraña

De migrañas a migrañas

Hay dos maneras de clasificar esta enfermedad. La primera es la migraña episódica, que ocurre entre uno y nueve días al mes, mientras que la migraña crónica es aquella que se presenta más de 15 días al mes.

El problema es que cerca del 25% de las personas que padecen de esta afección en su primera etapa no se han acercado nunca a su médico para un tratamiento adecuado, lo que la vuelve crónica con el paso del tiempo.

“El retraso de diagnóstico de una migraña crónica es de 28,5 meses. La migraña se debe tratar con más celeridad y el paciente debería llegar a las consultas de neurología antes”, asegura el doctor Ezpeleta.

Afecta la vida y el trabajo

No solo se trata de un dolor de cabeza. La migraña crónica produce discapacidad, disminución de la productividad y alteración de la calidad de vida que pueden llegar hasta la depresión y la ansiedad.

“Son estos pacientes los que precisan mayores cuidados sanitarios, aunque todavía existen muchos que están por diagnosticar y tratar. Cuando se llega a una situación donde se suceden más días con dolor que días sin dolor es aún más imprescindible apostar por un abordaje global que reduzca la frecuencia de las crisis”, subraya el experto.

La falta de tratamiento adecuado ha llegado a tal grado que, según cifras de la SEN, el 42% de los pacientes con migraña quedan discapacitados ante el dolor, lo que se refleja en la pérdida de 2.000 millones de euros al año por abstencionismo en el trabajo.

Controlando la crisis

Después de visitar al médico y seguir al pie de la letra el tratamiento, hay otras cosas que se pueden hacer para disminuir las crisis de migraña y llevar una vida tranquila.

“Llevar un ritmo de vida regular, una buena higiene del sueño y evitar todas las circunstancias reconocibles por el paciente que pueden desencadenar una crisis, son el paso para reducir su frecuencia, intensidad y duración”, subraya David Ezpeleta.

La buena noticia es que, si se siguen estas recomendaciones, es posible que una migraña crónica pueda volver a su estado episódico y así, poco a poco ir disminuyendo sus apariciones.
Fuente: efesalud.com

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