Existen falsas creencias en relación al estrés. Una de ellas es que siempre esta sensación es mala, cuando en realidad, en niveles saludables, puede llevarnos a ser productivos. Otro mito muestra que luchar contra las tensiones es siempre una tarea larga y difícil, pero el camino puede ser placentero y hasta divertido. Hay quienes dicen aliviar la ansiedad al comer o beber en exceso, mientras que los expertos sugieren una alimentación saludable para combatirla. Aquí, 10 conceptos arraigados que distan de ser 100% ciertos.
El estrés siempre es malo
De acuerdo con este mito, no sufrir estrés nos haría sanos y felices. Sin embargo, la Asociación Psicoanalítica Americana (APA) sostiene que esta emoción para los humanos es como “la cuerda de un violín”, ya que al haber muy poca tensión, el sonido es “apagado y sin afinación”, pero de existir demasiada se vuelve “estridente” y la cuerda podría romperse. La clave es saber manejarlo, porque cierto grado de estrés nos impulsa a sentirnos productivos y de buen ánimo pero, si no se lo controla, es nocivo y potencialmente mortal.
Como el estrés está en todas partes, no se puede hacer nada para combatirlo
Si bien es cierto que se viven tiempos difíciles y exigentes, se pueden seguir estrategias sencillas para no sentirse tan abrumado. Una forma es establecer prioridades y no buscar responder a todos los problemas en simultáneo. Cuando el estrés está mal manejado es difícil hacerlo, pero trata de consultar a tus pares sobre cuál es el primer punto del cual debes ocuparte de acuerdo a la urgencia y la importancia. No quieras hacer todo en un día: en tiempos difíciles, es mejor fijarse objetivos pequeños y a corto plazo.
Sin síntomas no hay estrés
Esta es otra falsa creencia que puede atentar contra el correcto manejo de la emoción. Ocultarla con medicamentos podría privarte de identificar las señales y así reducir la atención en notar trastornos en tus sistemas fisiológico y psicológico. A su vez, presta atención a los síntomas llamados “secundarios”, como el dolor de cabeza o la acidez estomacal, ya que éstos podrían indicarte que no estás tomando las riendas de tu vida y que necesitas ayuda.
Las tensiones nos afectan a todos por igual
Algunos factores que provocan estrés en ciertas personas no lo hacen en otras como, por ejemplo, hacer trámites, rendir exámenes finales, hablar en público, casarse, empezar un nuevo trabajo o mudarse. Cada individuo responde de una manera distinta a las situaciones de la vida. Es por eso que no se debe encasillar a esta sensación como única y, por ende, tampoco existe una solución mágica para aliviarla.
Sólo los cambios o las situaciones traumáticas producen estrés
No sólo el contexto puede causar este cuadro. Algunos fármacos o sustancias adictivas son capaces de generar o empeorar los síntomas. Entre los medicamentos están ciertos inhaladores contra el asma, comprimidos para la tiroides, las pastillas para adelgazar y ciertos preparados para el resfrío. Por otra parte, drogas ilícitas como la cocaína, así como el tabaco, la cafeína y el alcohol pueden causar o incrementar las manifestaciones del cuadro.
Luchar contra el estrés es una tarea ardua
Todo un mito, ya que existen formas divertidas y placenteras de manejarlo. Además de las disciplinas típicas como el yoga, la meditación o el tai chi, puedes optar por realizar manualidades, aprender a tocar un instrumento o escuchar música para reducir tensiones. Tomarte descansos cortos durante la jornada laboral, reservar algo de tiempo libre en el día y disfrutar con familiares y amigos te ayudará a sentirte mejor sin causarte trabajo.
Comer y beber en exceso sirve como alivio
No obtener la nutrición adecuada puede afectar la forma en la que el cerebro procesa la información. Para lograr un cambio positivo, los expertos sugieren fijar metas que otorguen beneficios en el tiempo en lugar de las recompensas al corto plazo, las cuales pueden ser dañinas. Es por eso que se recomienda incorporar frutas y verduras, mantener una alimentación balanceada y reducir la ingesta de café y bebidas alcohólicas.
Si las cosas mejoran, el estrés se va solo
A veces, lo que parece una tensión momentánea que depende del contexto, puede provenir de un problema más grave, como por ejemplo, un trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT), un trastorno obsesivo compulsivo o un ataque de pánico. Tras descartar que síntomas como frecuencia cardíaca, respiración acelerada, sudoración, temblores y mareos no posean un origen orgánico y persistan por más de cuatro semanas, se debe recurrir a un especialista.
Las técnicas para combatirlo nos funcionan a todos por igual
No existen métodos para reducir el estrés que sean eficaces en forma estandarizada, por lo cual se debe seguir un programa integral adaptado a las necesidades y a la personalidad de cada individuo. Por ejemplo, no a todos los afectados les sientan bien técnicas como la relajación, sino que más bien pueden sentirse más a gusto al caminar o al realizar un trabajo manual. Lo importante es adaptar a las necesidades específicas un plan sustentable para ganar calidad de vida.
El estrés es cosa de adultos
Esta sensación no sólo deviene de las obligaciones y el trabajo: los niños pueden sufrir estrés, ya sea por cambios positivos – como empezar una nueva actividad – o negativos, como la muerte de alguien querido o una enfermedad en un familiar. Los pequeños suelen resolver el estrés con lo que han aprendido en el pasado, por lo que cuentan con pocas experiencias que les sirvan de herramienta. Como consecuencia, los adultos deben acompañarlos, aunque algunos de los factores que lo desencadenen les parezcan insignificantes.
Fuente: ehowenespanol.com
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